BBC monthly outlook
Summary
Becoming more unsettled, then turning colder
Saturday 5 January—Sunday 13 January
Windy for a time but otherwise relatively settled
High pressure has been the dominant feature of our weather for a while now, and it looks likely to remain fairly significant this weekend and to a certain extent, next week too.
Saturday will be dry across most parts of the country although a cold front will move in from the Atlantic on Saturday afternoon, bringing outbreaks of rain to Scotland and Northern Ireland in the evening, then northern England and Wales overnight. This front is not a particularly active feature though and it will become weaker over time, so the rain it brings will not be particularly heavy and it will become increasingly patchy. Sunday may see a little rain across the north of the UK, most likely over northern England, but the south should remain dry. Much of Scotland will be dry with sunny spells.
After a chilly start to the weekend, temperatures should be a little nearer to normal by Sunday. The new week is likely to start on a more unsettled note as a deep low pressure system passes the north of the UK. This system will bring a spell of windy weather to many areas, and a risk of gales for Scotland. There will also be showers and more widespread rain too. By Tuesday, the low pressure system will be to our east and, with high pressure to the west, we will have a spell of cool northwesterly or even northerly winds. Some wintry showers are also possible. The second half of the week should see high pressure building back towards the UK although perhaps not becoming the dominant feature that it has been. There will be a chance of unsettled weather affecting the country, perhaps most likely next weekend, but many areas will have a relatively dry and calm end to the week.
Monday 14 January—Sunday 20 January
Wetter, windier and cooler
We'll see the ridge of high pressure shifting southwards and westwards away from the UK. This will allow northwesterly winds to affect the country, pushing cooler air across most regions. It will probably be wetter than the coming week, particularly across the northwest of the UK and there will be a chance of some spells of windy weather too. We are likely to see a cooling trend with regard to temperatures and it could become rather chilly by the end of the week. This would mean that there will be a greater chance of wintry showers across northern parts of the country than we have seen for much of the winter so far.
As ever, there is a little uncertainty in the forecast at this range. The main alternative to our expected forecast is that high pressure will 'rebuild' across the south of the UK. This would tend to limit the amount of northwesterly winds we see, so in this scenario it would be less cold, and probably less wet and windy too. There would still be the chance of occasional spells of wetter and windier weather too.
Monday 21 January—Sunday 3 February
Probably, but not definitely, becoming colder
In our last outlook, we mentioned the possibility of it becoming colder during the middle or end of January, due to developments in the upper atmosphere over the North Pole. There has been a dramatic rise in the temperature of the Arctic stratosphere. Meteorologists call this kind of event a Sudden Stratospheric Warming or SSW. They happen several times per decade and are part of the natural variability of the global climate system. The SSW event that has just occurred has disrupted the winds which make up the polar vortex, and it looks as though this disruption could continue for several weeks.
This, combined with other global weather patterns, means that the UK has an increased threat of significantly colder weather developing as we head through the final third of January and into February. Our longer-range forecast data certainly shows a trend towards colder weather across northern Europe, including the UK, at the end of this month and well into the start of February. There are also indications of an increased risk of snow for the UK. However, there is still some uncertainty over the extent to which the cold weather will affect us. In fact, there is even a 25% chance that we could continue to be affected by Atlantic weather systems, with any cold air tending to be confined to other parts of Europe.
https://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/outlook